Learning Contract Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Learning Contract - Essay Example Inclusion of time spans of learning and the methods of assessment enables the tutors meet specific aims and objectives of the teaching and learning. Learning contracts, according to Knowles (2008) incorporate skills and values ought to be learnt by the students in a specific period of time. Malcolm Knowles model of learning contracts include the approaches that ought to be used by the tutors so as to achieve the set goals and objectives of a lesson. Targets are mandatory in setting up a lesson in order for the learning objectives to be attained. Malcolm’s model indicates that for objectives to be met it is important that target dates are put in place. Time factor enables the tutors and learners work towards a specific goal based not on assumptions but on factual terms designed by time factor. For learning to be proven successful, evidence based on response by learners has to be portrayed by learners. If the evidence brought forward has an element of validity, then learning may be described as successful. Learning contracts are beneficial in terms of ability to deal with all manners of learners in a classroom setting. Learning contracts also motivate learners to strive to attain their maximum best for the reason that majority are aware of what is expected of them at the end of the learning session. Learning contracts instill a sense of responsibility between the instructor and learners during the learning

The trade system in Ramayana Essay Example for Free

The trade system in Ramayana Essay Based on the summary by Stephen Knapp (2007) The Ramayana is one of the two greatest stories told from India which was written and created by VÄ lmiki sometime between 4th and 2nd BCE. Knapp had elaborated that the story of Ramayana is about how the lives of people have been running in India on the year 1000 BCE. The story wandered around the life of the heroes of the story, Rama and Sita. The story of the Ramayana has been very influential to the lives and teachings of the Indians at those times, preachers treated the life story of Rama and Sita as a model for the youth (Knapp, 2007).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the story of Ramayana, since it talked about how the people of India lived a long time ago, the source of the primary needs of the people was also mentioned. At the timeline of the story, trading was very active and people have been able to live by the barter system since money was not that used during that period. Within the Ramayana story, there are passages that mentioned things about the trades that happened in the place the story was set (Narayan, 1972).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Most of the merchants at that time had stones, iron, stones and even animals for export. But the most popular product exported by the Indians at that time was cloths which was made of cotton and were perfectly woven and block printed. These items were bartered to other races that intentionally went to the Indian ports to trade different products (Foley, 2004).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The trade of different products between India and other countries also happened inside India itself, Indians bartered with each other to be able to acquire the things each of them needed at that time.   This also occurred in the story of Ramayana, in which the monkeys and the Ravanas are involved (mythome.com, 2004).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The army of monkeys was headed by Hanuman, and they transacted and traded products like cloth and war equipments with the Ravanas, with hope of getting their trust. But their main hidden goal was to defeat them and the kill their leader which is Ravana, the ten-headed evil god (indhistory.com, 2007). References: Ramayana. 2007. 1. Ramayana Summary. 2004. 1. Foley, Jennifer. Lessons of the Indian Epics: Following the Dharma. 2004. Knapp, Stephen. The Ramayana: A Summary by Stephen Knapp. 2007. 1. Narayan, R.K. The Ramayana. Viking Press, 1972.

Using Microorganisms To Produce Commercial Substances Young People Essay

Using Microorganisms To Produce Commercial Substances Young People Essay Bacteria are a large group of single-celled microscopic prokaryote organisms that inhabit virtually all environments including the air, soil, water, organic matter, radioactive waste, the earthà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s crust, and the bodies of multicellular organisms. Bacteria vary in their cell structure and mode of metabolism. They are categorized as autotrophs, heterotrophs, lithotrophs, organotrophs, chemotrophs or phototrophs, and exist in various cell shapes such as coccus, bacillus, spirochete, and vibrio forms. They can be divided into two main groups, gram-positive or gram-negative, based on the structure of their cell wall and their reaction to the gram stain. Ecologically, these microorganisms are capable of free-living, mutualistic, parasitic or pathogenic existence. Bacteria are so numerous and diverse, that new species of bacteria are continually being discovered in the environment, and within the human body, as well as that of other organisms. All the species of bacteria known represent only a tiny fraction of the diverse bacterial species present in nature. Although some bacteria cause food poisoning and infectious diseases in multicellular plants and animals, the vast majority is harmless and many are beneficial to natural processes and also to the proper functioning of higher organisms. Bacteria are used in various industrial processes, especially the food industry. Numerous manufactured food products are modified biochemically by bacterial growth in the process of fermentation. Fermented foods produced commercially by bacteria include dairy products such as cheese and yoghurt, vegetable products such as sauerkraut and pickles, various forms of cured meats and sausages, vinegar and soy products. Bacteria are also used in the manufacturing of alcoholic beverages like wine made from grapes and other fruits, beer and liquor made from grains, and tequila made from cacti. The benefits of bacterial fermentation of food products include enhanced preservation, increased digestibility, higher nutrient content and improved flavor. The ability of bacteria to degrade a variety of organic compounds is remarkable and has been used in waste processing and bioremediation. Bacteria are capable of digesting the hydrocarbons present in petroleum and are thus used in cleaning up oil spills. They can also be altered to produce certain enzymes that metabolize industrial waste components that are toxic to other life forms. Bacteria can also be used in the place of pesticides in specific biological pest control. As a result of this specificity, bacterial pesticides are regarded as environmentally friendly, since they have little or no effect on humans, wildlife, pollinators, and most other beneficial insects. The ability of bacteria to breakdown organic compounds to methane gas is widely employed in treatment of sewage. In the chemical industry, the manufacture of ethanol, acetone, organic acid, enzymes, and perfumes rely on the use of bacteria. More importantly, bacteria are used in the production of pure chemicals for use as pharmaceuticals or agrochemicals. The discovery of antibiotic drugs made from bacteria, such as cephalosporin, streptomyces, erythromycin and bacitracin have greatly improved the quality of human life in the twentieth century. Steroids and vaccines used in disease prevention are also produced with the use of bacteria. Because of their ability to grow rapidly and the relative ease with which they can be manipulated, bacteria are the pillars for the fields of molecular biology, genetics and biochemistry. Creating mutations in bacterial DNA and examining the resulting phenotypes, can enable scientists to determine the function of genes, enzymes and metabolic pathways in bacteria, and then apply this knowledge to more complex organisms. This understanding of bacterial metabolism and genetics allows for the use of biotechnology to genetically engineer bacteria for the production of therapeutic proteins such as insulin, interferons, growth factors, or antibodies useful to humans. Another main role of bacteria is the recycling of nutrients in the environment such as carbon, nitrogen, sulfur and other chemical elements used by living things. Saprophytic species cause decay and decomposition of the nitrogenous remains of dead bodies of plants and animals, converting it to ammonia, while chemosynthetic autotrophs like nitrosomonas and nitrobacter, covert the ammonium compounds in the soil into nitrate salts which can be taken up and used by plants. Bacterial populations especially that of genus Clostridium can be used to separate fibers of jute, hemp, and flax, in a process known as fiber retting. These separated fibers are used to make ropes and sacks. Leather, a widely used product is manufactured by the decomposing action of bacteria on the fats present on the skin of animals. The human body is home to a wide range of bacterial species, where they constitute normal flora. The beneficial effects of these bacteria which colonize humans are abundant and include: out-competition of harmful microorganisms, synthesis of vitamin B12, B complex and K, immune system enhancement, regulation of digestive health, absorption of minerals like magnesium, formation of new calls and the regeneration of the gastrointestinal tract. Bacteria that reside in the gut of herbivores secrete cellulase, which is useful in the digestion of the cellulose contents of plant cell walls, the main source of nutrients for these animals. Aquatic organisms also benefit from bacteria that cut down growth of algae and reduce noxious odors, making aquatic environments more conducive to living. It is an undisputed fact that bacteria can and will survive and thrive in the absence of multicellular organisms. Conversely, without the presence of beneficial bacteria, multicellular organisms will be unable to function properly, numerous industrial processes necessary for survival will shut down, and even natural processes like nutrient recycling will cease to occur. The importance of bacteria cannot be over emphasized, and the earth as we know it will definitely take a downward route to degeneration, if bacteria were to cease to exist.

Local Area Networks :: essays research papers

LANs: Local Area Networks Local Area Networks also called LANs have been a major player in industrialization of computers. In the past 20 or so years the worlds industry has be invaded with new computer technology. It has made such an impact on the way we do business that it has become essential with an ever-growing need for improvement. LANs give an employer the ability to share information between computers with a simple relatively inexpensive system of network cards and software. It also lets the user or users share hardware such as Printers and scanners. The speed of access between the computers is lighting fast because the data has a short distance to cover. In most cases a LAN only occupies one or a group of buildings located next to each other. For larger area need there are several other types of networks such as the Internet.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  LANs systems can be defined and connected in many different ways. This is the reason for the standardization for every one can have a common ground to start from. â€Å"The LANs described Herein are distinguished from other types of data networks in that they are optimized for a moderate size geographic area such as a single office building, warehouse, or a campus. The IEEE 802 LAN is a shared medium peer-to-peer communications network that broadcasts information for all stations to receive. As a consequence, it does not inherently provide privacy. The LAN enables stations to communicate directly using a common physical medium on a point-to-point basis without any intermediate switching node being required. There is always need for an access sublayer in order to arbitrate to access to the shared medium. The network is generally owned, used, and operated by a single organization. This is in contrast to Wide Area Networks (WANs) that interconnect communication faci lities in different parts of a country or are used as a public utility. These LANs are also different from networks, such as backplane buses, that are optimized for the interconnection of devices on a desk top or components within a single piece of equipment.†(IEEE 802 Standard 1990) That is the standard definition for LANs by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineer committee 802. They are the committee used to set the standard in workmanship and operations for technicians that set-up and perform maintenance on LANs systems. And through all the technical words what they are trying to say is a LAN is a small area network that distributes information among computer in a small work environment unlike WANs that distribute information across global areas.

Eth/125 Gender and Sex Worksheet

Associate Program Material Gender and Sex Worksheet Answer the following questions in 50 to 150 words each. Provide citations for all the sources you use. What is gender? What is sex in biological terms? Are gender and sex the same thing? Explain why or why not? According to  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Eldis†Ã‚  (2013),  Ã¢â‚¬Å"'Gender' refers to the socially constructed roles of and relations between men and women. , while ‘Sex' refers to biological characteristics which define humans as female or male. † (1) Gender and sex are similar but they are not the same thing.I say this because a person can have the sexual characteristics of a man but still have the gender of a woman e. g. transgender. According to  Lesbian & Gay Community Services Center, Inc. (2013),†Transgender,† at its most basic level, is a word that applies to someone who doesn't fit within society's standards of how a woman or a man is supposed to look or act e. g. â€Å"Transgender† may be used to describe someone who was assigned female at birth but later realizes that label doesn't accurately reflect who they feel they are inside.This person may now live life as a man, or may feel that their gender identity can't be truly summed up by either of the two options we're usually given (male or female). (1, 2) How do gender and sex contribute to the concepts and constructions of masculinity and femininity? According to  Planned Parenthood Federation of America Inc  Ã‚  (2013),   â€Å"Culture determines gender roles and what is masculine and feminine. What does it mean to be a woman or man? Whether we are women or men is not determined just by our sex organs. Our gender includes a complex mix of beliefs, behaviors, and characteristics.How do you act, talk, and behave like a woman or man? Are you feminine or masculine, both, or neither? These are questions that help us get to the core of our gender and gender identity. † Gender and sex does help with the construct ion of masculinity and femininity, but culture plays a huge role in determining your gender e. g. a boy that raised without a father figure and had more female role models might have more feminine traits. Do our concepts of gender and sex contribute to the ways we embrace gender and sex in diversity? Yes, our concepts of gender and sex contribute to the ways we embrace gender and sex in diversity.I say this because it is the norm to act like the sex or gender we or born into or raised up to be. People are afraid of things that are not consider the norm. Do our concepts of gender and sex contribute to our understanding of sexual orientation? Explain. Yes, of gender and sex contribute to our understanding of sexual orientation. I say this because what we understand gender and sex to be is what we use to create our beliefs of sexual orientation e. g. If we don’t believe that culture has anything to do with gender, and gender is what makes a person’s sexual orientation cle ar.Then we couldn’t possibly believe that a person could be â€Å"transgender†. Works cited Eldis. (2013). Retrieved from http://www. eldis. org/index. cfm? objectId=76FB2B59-BFA2-926C-DC2B394188B4DA92    Lesbian & Gay Community Services Center, Inc.. (2013). The Center. Retrieved from http://www. gaycenter. org/gip/transbasics/whatistrans Planned Parenthood Federation of America Inc. (2013). Planned Parenthood. Retrieved from http://www. plannedparenthood. org/health-topics/sexual-orientation-gender/gender-gender-identity-26530. htm Eth/125 Gender and Sex Worksheet Associate Program Material Gender and Sex Worksheet Answer the following questions in 50 to 150 words each. Provide citations for all the sources you use. What is gender? What is sex in biological terms? Are gender and sex the same thing? Explain why or why not? According to  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Eldis†Ã‚  (2013),  Ã¢â‚¬Å"'Gender' refers to the socially constructed roles of and relations between men and women. , while ‘Sex' refers to biological characteristics which define humans as female or male. † (1) Gender and sex are similar but they are not the same thing.I say this because a person can have the sexual characteristics of a man but still have the gender of a woman e. g. transgender. According to  Lesbian & Gay Community Services Center, Inc. (2013),†Transgender,† at its most basic level, is a word that applies to someone who doesn't fit within society's standards of how a woman or a man is supposed to look or act e. g. â€Å"Transgender† may be used to describe someone who was assigned female at birth but later realizes that label doesn't accurately reflect who they feel they are inside.This person may now live life as a man, or may feel that their gender identity can't be truly summed up by either of the two options we're usually given (male or female). (1, 2) How do gender and sex contribute to the concepts and constructions of masculinity and femininity? According to  Planned Parenthood Federation of America Inc  Ã‚  (2013),   â€Å"Culture determines gender roles and what is masculine and feminine. What does it mean to be a woman or man? Whether we are women or men is not determined just by our sex organs. Our gender includes a complex mix of beliefs, behaviors, and characteristics.How do you act, talk, and behave like a woman or man? Are you feminine or masculine, both, or neither? These are questions that help us get to the core of our gender and gender identity. † Gender and sex does help with the construct ion of masculinity and femininity, but culture plays a huge role in determining your gender e. g. a boy that raised without a father figure and had more female role models might have more feminine traits. Do our concepts of gender and sex contribute to the ways we embrace gender and sex in diversity? Yes, our concepts of gender and sex contribute to the ways we embrace gender and sex in diversity.I say this because it is the norm to act like the sex or gender we or born into or raised up to be. People are afraid of things that are not consider the norm. Do our concepts of gender and sex contribute to our understanding of sexual orientation? Explain. Yes, of gender and sex contribute to our understanding of sexual orientation. I say this because what we understand gender and sex to be is what we use to create our beliefs of sexual orientation e. g. If we don’t believe that culture has anything to do with gender, and gender is what makes a person’s sexual orientation cle ar.Then we couldn’t possibly believe that a person could be â€Å"transgender†. Works cited Eldis. (2013). Retrieved from http://www. eldis. org/index. cfm? objectId=76FB2B59-BFA2-926C-DC2B394188B4DA92    Lesbian & Gay Community Services Center, Inc.. (2013). The Center. Retrieved from http://www. gaycenter. org/gip/transbasics/whatistrans Planned Parenthood Federation of America Inc. (2013). Planned Parenthood. Retrieved from http://www. plannedparenthood. org/health-topics/sexual-orientation-gender/gender-gender-identity-26530. htm

Aka Anta! Aka Anta

She was beautiful to last. One day, when she was taking a stroll, she met a young prince who happened to pass by. The prince was very handsome. When she first saw the prince she felt a strong sensation for him. So did the prince for her. They exchange pleasantries and search each other's feelings out. Everyday from then on they would go out together, until one day the prince revealed his true feelings to the princess. So since the princess had long et her heart for the prince, she didn't hesitate anymore and at once accepted his love for her.One afternoon after their usual walk together, the two engaged in a most intimate conversation under the sweet-scented plants kept by the princess. â€Å"Marring Magna†, how lovely your flowers are, but the flowers in our kingdom are far more beautiful and fragrant. None of those here could compare with them. † â€Å"Really? Tell me where your kingdom is? † â€Å"Yonder in those parts where no mortals can go. After a little w hile more, the prince bade goodbye with a sad look in his face. This prompted Marring Magna to ask the prince the reason why. â€Å"Well it's because the prince couldn't find the right words to explain himself. Well, because of what? What seems to be the trouble? † the princess kept skins, suspecting something was wrong. â€Å"l must return home, if not, I will not be able to return home to our kingdom anymore. I want very much to bring you along with me, but such is not permissible. Your kind is not allowed in our kingdom. Thus, farewell, my love. † â€Å"Come back tonight will wait for you here in the garden. Please, you'll come back? ‘ â€Å"I'll try, Marring Magna,† the prince promised. It was close to midnight when the prince came. He was greeted by the princess who waited for him inside the garden.They talked for hours and hours. Their conversation almost touched on every subject. All the time, the princess wrapped herself tightly around the arms of the prince, never letting go. Suddenly, the prince stood up and announced, â€Å"l must leave at once, Marring Magna! It's about midnight. If don't depart at once I won't be able to return home. Stay put. But I want you to remember you're the one love,† as he threw a gentle kiss on the petal lips of Marring Magna. The princess tried to stop the prince as she grabbed his arms with all her might.She could not bear the fact his lover would abandon her. While tugging at each other, suddenly the prince disappeared and left his arms behind held teen the palms of Marring Magna. The princess was shocked at this that she runs quickly to a corner of the garden and buried the arms. A few days after, there sprouted a strange plant on the spot where she buried the arms. It had wide leaves but no branches. A few days more, the tree shed flowers, everyday thereafter, she would visit the plant. Then a few days later, it bore fruits in the place of its flowers.The fruits came in bunches, eac h bunch looked like fingers set side by side and laid parallel to each other. These became known as the first banana fruits in the world. A very long time ago, in what is now the town of Cantina in Racial, there lived a woman named Jamaican who was well-known not only to the people of her native town but also to those of the neighboring towns. She was greatly admired for her beauty and wealth as she belonged to a rich family. But above all, she was very much loved and was highly respected by everyone for she possessed a king and generous heart.Charity was something inborn in her. Even as a little girl she would give kindly to each and every beggar who would pass by their house to ask for alms. She would also often go out of her way to invite the poor children in the trees to the house and let them play with her toys. As she grew up, she continued on with his charitable acts. It became a usual scene every Sunday morning when she came home after mass to see a long line of beggars, wai ting for her at the foot of the stairs. With open hands and an understanding heart, she would see to it that their needs are attended to.She would personally hand in food, toys, clothes, money and the like according to what each of them would ask from her. Her goodness was very much appreciated by her town mates who made her more endeared to them. Unfortunately, Jamaican was not as lucky in love as most other beautiful omen her age were who got married and had children. She didn't fall in love again when her first love got sick and died. She remained an old maid even after her parents have both died and was left alone in the house. Instead, she devoted her time and wealth caring for the needy.To openly express their gratitude and respect she truly deserves as would be fitting to one as elderly a woman she has come to be regarded, people began addressing her as â€Å"Aka Anta† – â€Å"Aka† woman and â€Å"Anta† which is short for Jamaican. Altogether, â₠¬Å"Aka Anta† became more than just a name; the name itself became a symbol of â€Å"salvation to the needy†. One Christmas day, like all previous Christmas, many poor folks flocked to the home of Aka Anta for the usual yuletide giveaways. Short of their expectations, Aka Anta was not by the open window for the first time in years.They called out to her but there was no reply, nor did anyone come to the window. They tried altogether to call out to her several times, but again there was no response. Anxious and all that, a number of them decided to enter the house if anything was the matter. As the door opened, they see Aka Anta lying on the floor. Certain she was dead, the women began to scream, the men made the sign of the cross. There followed loud weeping as they affectionately cried out her name, â€Å"Aka Anta! Aka Anta†. The more they were moved to tears when they noticed the gifts lying on the floor Aka Anta had prepared for them. x

Analysis Between Dutch Baroque and French Realism

Analysis Between Dutch Baroque and French Realism BY Kayaking Analysis Between Dutch Baroque and French Realism Johannes Vermeer The Milkmaid Circa 1657-1658 45. Xx CM Jean-Franà §ois Millet Woman Baking Bread 1854 55 x 46 CM Rasmussen, Amsterdam, Netherlands Rasmussen, Otter, Netherlands Oil Painting Oil Painting Dutch Baroque vs.. French Realism Throughout the ages, art has been one of many ways to communicate with our history. Every painting, drawing, sculpture, etc. Tells us a story of that time period and if we look hard enough, we can even feel what the people of that time may have been lining.In this essay, two pieces of art will be introduced and interpreted: The Milkmaid (circa 1657-1658) by Johannes Vermeer which is a Dutch Baroque oil painting that's 45. 5 x 41 CM located in Rasmussen, Amsterdam, Netherlands and Woman Baking Bread (1854) by Jean-Franà §ois Millet which is a French Realism oil painting that's 55 x 46 CM located in Rasmussen Kerr ¶leer-MÃ'Ëœleer, Otter, Netherlands. The agenda of this comparison is to understand different styles between the Dutch Baroque and French Realism, and to show how Vermeer andMillet deal with the same every day domestic theme in a different way. During the 17th century, artists were focusing more on emotion and drama, also known as the Baroque time period. The overall style of Baroque art in paintings is â€Å"detailed realism in portraits, expansive landscapes, and a focus on the dramatic including the contrast between light and shadow and the use of rich, deep colors. † (Minded, 2. 05) Vermeer worked mainly in the Dutch Baroque style and does a magnificent Job in portraying and bringing to life an everyday task in the life of a servant girl in The Milkmaid.On the other hand, Woman Baking Bread was painted in the Realist style during the 19th century. More specifically, this piece of art was painted in the French Realist style, which came about after the Revolution of 1848. Millet's â€Å"use of a simple, natural style with warmer colors and heavy application of paint† (Minded, 3. 15) are characteristic traits in a Realist painting. Both works of art magnificently depicts the everyday domestic life. True to both styles, they both realistically depict a woman doing an every day task. Vermeer's is that of a milkmaid oaring milk and Millet's is that of a woman baking bread.However, both were painted in very different ways. Whereas Vermeer's work is a prime example of a Dutch Baroque painting with its realistic way of portraying an everyday task, the use of bold colors, the detail, and the deep contrast between light and dark, Millet's work is a prime example of a French Realist painting where the colors are warmer and much more simple. Vermeer was well known for his painstaking attention to detail. For example, â€Å"the Jug and hands of the servant in The Milkmaid reveals a number of enticements, created as the artist struggled to depict them convincingly. (Frantic, 7)